PREDSTAVLJANJE DRUGOG U (POST) KOLONIJALNOM DISKURSU SEVERNE AMERIKE
Abstract
Rad3 se bavi načinima predstavljanja onih koji su u diskursu kolonijalne Severne
Amerike percipirani i označavani kao Drugi. Ideje postkolonijalnih kritičara o Drugom i strategiji predstavljanja poznate pod nazivom stvaranje Drugog (Othering), kao i neke od opštih karakteristika postkolonijalnog diskursa primenjuju se
na kontekst kolonijalne Severne Amerike, tačnije, na engleske kolonije na tom području. Izdvajaju se neke od osnovnih odlika kolonijalne američke književnosti u pogledu njene funkcije, namene i sveobuhvatnosti, a potom i neke od osobina predstava
o Drugima koje su se tim putem širile. Detaljnije se obrađuju redukcionizam, hijerarhičnost i degradiranje kao odlike predstava o drugima u kolonijalnoj književnosti Severne Amerike. Redukcionizam se odnosi na preterano uopštavanje i pripisivanje osobina kolonijalnim Drugima bez uzimanja u obzir individualnih razlika. Pod hijerarhičnošću se podrazumeva stvaranje oštrih razlika između kolonizatora i kolonizovanih pri čemu su kolonizovani Drugi uvek predstavljeni kao tehnološki, civilizacijski i kulturno inferiorni. Treći način stvaranja kolonijalnih Drugih – degradiranje obuhvata one strategije u književnom diskursu kojima se kolonizovani Drugi prikazuju kao divlji, krvoločni, bestijalni, prljavi, varvari, itd. u cilju njihove dehumanizacije i opravdavanja k olonijalnih osvajanja.
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